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Is AI calling legal in India?

[Draft — pending lawyer review]Reviewed on [date]

What businesses should check before an AI agent calls or messages a customer: consent and DND, calling hours, disclosure, recording, WhatsApp opt-in and data protection.

Short answer

Businesses use AI agents to call and message customers in India. What decides whether a campaign is on the right side of the rules is the same as for any commercial call: consent, DND preferences, when you call, being honest about who is calling, and how you handle the customer’s data.

[Confirm with counsel: the current TRAI, telecom and DPDP position that applies to AI-placed calls]

Calling hours

Commercial calls are expected to happen at reasonable hours. Set a calling window and make sure no automated call goes out after it closes.

[Confirm with counsel: the permitted calling hours for commercial calls]

AI disclosure

Tell customers who is calling and why at the start of the call. Being clear that it is an AI agent builds trust and avoids misleading the customer, and the agent should hand over to a person when asked.

[Confirm with counsel: whether disclosure of an AI caller is legally required, and the wording to use]

Recording consent

If calls are recorded or transcribed, tell the customer at the start of the call and explain why, for example for quality and to update their request.

[Confirm with counsel: the consent needed to record and transcribe calls]

WhatsApp opt-in

Message customers on WhatsApp only after they have opted in, and use approved templates for messages that start a conversation. Keep a record of the opt-in.

[Confirm with counsel: the opt-in wording and record-keeping to use]

Data protection (DPDP)

Calls, transcripts and customer records are personal data. Collect only what you need for the purpose the customer agreed to, keep it secure, keep it only as long as needed, and let customers ask for it to be corrected or deleted.

[Confirm with counsel: obligations under the Digital Personal Data Protection Act and its rules]

What is not allowed

  • Calling people who have not agreed to be contacted, or who asked you to stop.
  • Pretending the agent is a named human employee when asked.
  • Misleading claims about prices, offers or results.
  • Messaging on WhatsApp without an opt-in.

[Confirm with counsel: any further restrictions for your industry, such as lending, insurance or healthcare]

Practical checklist

Tick through it before a campaign goes live.

[Draft — pending lawyer review] Reviewed on [date].

This guide is general information, not legal advice. Rules change and depend on your business and how you contact customers. Speak to your own lawyer before running a calling or messaging campaign.

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